The sight of blood can make anyone faint and weak at the knees. But when you bleed from where you least expect it, it can be equally terrifying.
Vaginal bleeding for instance. No… not the bleeding that occurs during your menstrual cycle, but bleeding or spotting that occurs without any rhyme or reason or between periods.
This can be due to several reasons. Let us explore them.
1. Hormonal contraceptives (birth control)
If you’ve started taking hormonal contraception or are on birth control that contains hormones, you could experience irregular bleeding. According to the UK National Health Services (NHS), this could include combined oral contraceptive pill, progestogen-only contraceptive pill, contraceptive patch (transdermal patch), contraceptive implant or injection and intrauterine system (IUS). The health body advises on taking medical advice, in case the bleeding lasts longer than a few months.
2. Uterine fibroids
Non-cancerous tumors such as fibroids or polyps that grow in the lining or muscle of the uterus can also lead to spotting or irregular vaginal bleeding. These are said to be common in women who’ve given birth.
3. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a hormonal condition wherein the ovaries produce an abnormal amount of androgens, which are male sex hormones that are usually present in women in small amounts. The condition also causes the ovaries to become enlarged with fluid-filled sacs that surround the eggs. All of these factors can lead to irregular periods and spotting.
4. Pregnancy issues
When you’re pregnant, you do not have your periods. However, complications during pregnancy can cause spotting. A miscarriage and an ectopic pregnancy can both cause bleeding. However, do not panic if you experience vaginal spotting or bleeding, as it does not necessarily mean a miscarriage. But make sure to consult your doctor immediately.
5. Sexually transmitted infection (STI)
According to the NHS, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia can also lead to vaginal bleeding and spotting. STIs are infections that spread from person to person and are contracted through sexual activities. It is best to get yourself tested for STIs if you’ve had unprotected sex.
6. Certain reproductive cancers
Irregular bleeding or sudden spotting can also occur due to certain reproductive cancers including cervical, vaginal or vulval cancer. The NHS advises to take regular cervical screening tests if you’re aged 25 to 64. As per the health body, irregular bleeding should not be ignored and must be examined by a doctor.
