Although, there are multiple reasons attached to this alarming concern, one of the most common factors is efficient care and vaccinations during pregnancy period.
Tests are important
During pregnancy, various tests play a crucial role in monitoring the health of both the expectant mother and the developing fetus.
These tests are designed to detect potential complications, to ensure proper fetal development, and to safeguard the well-being of both mother and the fetus. Some of these tests include:
1. Hemogram
A CBC measures different components of the blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. These tests help identify conditions like anemia and provide a general overview of the mother’s overall health.
2. Blood Type and Rh Factor
Incompatibility between the mother and the baby’s blood group and Rh factor can lead to fatal complications and can cause Hemolytic disease of the Newborn.
3. Indirect Coombs Test
If a Rh-negative mother is carrying an Rh-positive baby, there is a risk of Rh incompatibility. ICT screens for these antibodies in the mother’s blood and helps in preventing Hemolytic disease of the Newborn.
4. Hepatitis B, HIV and Syphilis Screening
Early detection allows for appropriate medical interventions to minimize the risk of transmission to the fetus
5. Thyroid Function Tests
Accurate assessment of thyroid function during pregnancy is critical, for both the initiation of thyroid hormone therapy, and for the adjustment of thyroid hormone dose in those already receiving thyroid hormone.
6. DIPSI
A universal screening which can be done irrespective of the last meal and for the detection of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Pregnant women are given 75g anhydrous glucose in 150 ml of water and plasma glucose is estimated after 2 hours
7. Double Marker Test
This test is done between 11-14 weeks and is used to assess risk of certain chromosomal abnormalities (aneuploidies) in the developing fetus.
8. Dating Scan
Performed between 8-14 weeks and involves measuring CRL (Crown-rump length) to determine gestational age.
9. NT Scan
Done between 11 and 13 weeks gestation and uses an ultrasound to examine the area at the back of the fetal neck for increased fluid or thickening.
10. Anomaly Scan
Performed between 18-22 weeks and is done to evaluate the structural development of the fetus and to identify any potential anomalies or abnormalities. Fetal Cardiac Scan is done at 24 weeks of gestation.
11. Growth Scan
Uses the following parameters to assess fetal growth: Biparietal diameter, Head circumference, Abdominal Circumference, Femur Length, weight of the baby, Amniotic Fluid Index, Placental localization
