What is vitamin toxicity?
Vitamins are crucial for basic bodily functions, from boosting immunity to maintaining vision and growth. Typically, we get these vital nutrients from a balanced diet. However, there are some quick fixes to it, for example, supplements; which can often lead to overconsumption, particularly of fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E, and K, which accumulate in the body over time, posing a risk of toxicity.
How to recognise the risks?
Deadly consequences
In some instances, the consequences of vitamin overdose can be fatal. Take vitamin D, for example. While it’s crucial for bone health and immune function, it is recommended to take 400–800 IU/day; megadoses exceeding 50,000 IU daily can lead to hypercalcemia, characterised by irregular heartbeat, kidney damage, seizures, and even death.
Specific vitamin overdoses
Each vitamin presents its own set of risks when consumed in excess. Vitamin A, primarily found in the liver and supplements, can weaken bones and cause birth defects if taken excessively, especially during pregnancy. Similarly, vitamin B6 overdoses can lead to nerve damage, while excessive niacin intake may result in liver damage and metabolic acidosis.
How to practise caution?
To prevent vitamin toxicity, it’s essential to approach supplementation with caution. Always adhere to recommended dosages, consult with a doctor and conduct a proper body check-up before starting any new regime, particularly if you’re pregnant or have underlying health conditions.