5 common diseases of dogs and cats & how to deal with them

Lack of knowledge about common diseases that pets experience can be dangerous.

If you do not know the symptoms to look out for, you may not realise that your dog or cat is sick and aggravate their condition.

Here are 5 common diseases of dogs and cats and how to deal with them:

Mites are a widespread issue with dogs and cats. Your pet can be affected by a number of types of mites and develop conditions such as hair loss, itching, redness, inflammation, infection and even discharge. Regularly grooming your pet and cleaning their surroundings is a good measure to prevent mites.

If you think that your pet has mites, have your veterinarian diagnose the particular mite and recommend proper treatment. Medicated shampoos are typically used to eliminate mites, but oral medication is also used sometimes.

Symptoms of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and obstructions like more frequent urination, straining or whining while urinating, hematuria, and urination in unusual locations are signs to look out for. Lethargy, inappetence, and excessive genital licking are also some warning signs.

Veterinarians conduct urinalysis to determine the composition of the urine and pinpoint the specific issue. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may involve drugs, an increase in water intake, or a modified diet.

Ringworm is a type of fungal infection that affects the skin of cats and dogs. It causes circular hair loss patches and scaling of their skin with a dandruff-like texture. Even though it does not have serious consequences, ringworm is very contagious and can be passed on to humans and other animals.
Ringworm is diagnosed by veterinarians after specialised tests and can be cured with antifungal medicine. To prevent the spread of the disease, keep your pets away from other animals and small children.

Diabetes is unexpectedly a common condition in cats and dogs. Increased thirst and urination, loss of weight though having a good appetite, and lethargy are some symptoms of diabetes in both cats and dogs. In dogs, cataracts can also develop and cause cloudy eyes.
If your dog or cat has diabetes, the main treatment will include insulin injections, along with dietary and lifestyle changes. Home monitoring of blood glucose levels and occasional veterinary checkups are also important to avoid complications.

Arthritis is caused as pets grow older and results in inflammation, pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It is often difficult to recognize the symptoms of arthritis because pets naturally conceal pain. Typically, limping, stiffness, refusal to jump or climb stairs, and reduced activity and play are symptoms.
Although arthritis is not treatable, there are a range of treatments that can help manage pain and decrease inflammation. These include pain killers, joint supplements and lifestyle changes such as weight management and exercise.